#Hosting  #Domain  #DevOps 

Domains

What Is a Domain?

  • Domain is the name of a website
  • Domain name points to the website server IP so that you don’t have to remember the complicated IP addresses
  • The IP address is the equivalent of this physical address, but for the web.
  • Your home’s address allows people, or your GPS, to find and navigate to your home, while your IP address tells web browsers where to go to display your website.
  • Use ping google.com to find google.com IP

Why need domain?

  • Essentially, domain names are a shortcut to remembering complicated IP addresses.
  • Without a domain name, you’d have to enter a full IP address into the browser address bar.

Different Types of Domains

Mainly there are mainly 3 types of domain

  1. Top-Level Domains (TLDs)
    • Most common and widely use domain
    • Like .com, .net, .org ...
  2. Country Code Top-Level Domain (ccTLD)
    • Domain with their country code
    • The UK with .co.uk, Canada with .ca, the USA with .us …
  3. Generic Top-Level Domain (gTLD)
    • Domain created based on some category
    • Like .jobs, .travel, .xyz, ...

Domain Name Registration Process

  • ICANN --> Registry --> Registrars --> registrant
  • Domain Registrant
    • Registrant is the person or organization who has registered the domain name.
    • In order to do so, the registrant will usually apply online to a domain registrar
  • Domain Registrars
    • Registrars are organizations accredited by ICANN and certified by the registries to sell domain names.
    • Eg: GoDaddy, NameCheap
  • Domain Registry
    • A domain name registry is an organization that manages domain names.
    • They create domain name extensions, set the rules for that domain name, and work with registrars to sell domain names to the public.
  • ICANN
    • Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN.
    • ICANN is a non-profit organization responsible for coordinating domain names, IP addresses and DNS.
    • They make sure IP addresses and domains are unique so we can avoid duplicates.

Domain Registrar(Buy Domain)

How To Buy Domain Names From GoDaddy, BIGROCK in HINDI | Process Of Buying Website Names

Google Domains Review: 8 Reasons Why It’s THE BEST Domain Name Registrar!

Point to remember before buying domain

  • WHOIS privacy
    • Registrars has to publish the registrant’s name and other contact information in the WHOIS directory.
    • The WHOIS directory is open to the public, which means published contact information is available to anyone at any time.
    • Buy domain with free privacy-protection

DNS records overview

  • Domain Name System(DNS)

A record

  • A DNS A record maps a host to an IPv4 IP address.
  • It points a root domain as example.com to the host’s IP address as 192.192.192.192
A Record   @   192.192.192.192

CNAME record

  • CNAME records define an alias for canonical name for your server (one defined by an A record).
  • It points a subdomain to another domain.
www   CNAME   example.com
  • This way, visitors visiting www.example.com are redirected to example.com

TXT record

  • A TXT record can associate arbitrary text with a host or other name.
  • A common use is for site verification.
example.com   TXT   google-site-verification=6P08Ow5E-8Q0m6vQ7FMAqAYIDprkVV8fUf_7hZ4Qvc8
  • This way, you can verify the ownership for that domain name

MX record

  • MX records are used to define the mail exchanges that are used for the domain. This helps email messages arrive at your mail server correctly.
MX   mail.example.com

Web hosting

  • Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to post/host a website onto the Internet
  • It’s special computers called servers where website is stored and then served to the users.

Why you need a web hosting

Hosting Provider

  • Hostinger – Best overall.
  • Bluehost – Best for new WordPress sites.
  • Dreamhost – Best Unbeatable Value On a Month-to-Month Hosting Plan.
  • Hostgator – Best for simple websites.
  • GreenGeeks – Best eco-friendly hosting.
  • SiteGround – Best WordPress Certified Host For Speed and Security.

Web hosting Types

  • It can be of mainly 4 types
    • Shared Hosting(SH)
    • Virtual Private Server(VPS)
    • Dedicated Hosting
    • Cloud Hosting

Web Hosting Explained: Cloud, Shared, VPS, And Dedicated. What is The Difference?

Shared Hosting(SH)

  • In Shared hosting one server is used for multiple websites
    • Eg: One Virtual machine by multiple users
  • Pros
    • More beginner-friendly hosting solution
    • Provides a standardized setup
    • Requires less technical expertise
    • Least expensive of all hosting options
  • Cons
    • Often has less bandwidth and storage than VPS
    • Is prone to errors when there is a high traffic
    • You have limited access to the back end
    • It doesn’t grant you root access

Virtual Private Server(VPS)

  • One website on one server, get dedicated resource
    • Eg: One Virtual machine by one user
  • Pros
    • VPS hosting grants you root access to your server
    • More memory and bandwidth, easily scalable
    • It is not affected by other site’s traffic
    • Much more stable and faster than shared hosting
  • Cons
    • Comes at a slightly higher price
    • Needs technical expertise to manage well

Cloud Hosting

  • Better version of VPS
  • Host your data on multiple cloud server
  • Eg: One user using multiple Virtual Machine
  • Pros
    • Higher Uptime
    • High page speed
    • Flexible and Scalable
  • Cons
    • Needs technical expertise to manage well

Dedicated Hosting

  • Eg: Instead of Virtual machine complete Machine is used by one user
  • Pros
    • Full control of the server
  • Cons
    • Most Expensive

Get Email

Create a Professional Email Using Namecheap! - or any Domain Registrar

  • Mail
    • Zoho mail
      • Cheaper than Google
      • Good for small org

Reference